Understanding FIU IND Reporting Requirements for Regulated Entities
All Regulated Entities (REs) in India are mandated under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) to file specific reports with the Financial Intelligence Unit–India (FIU IND) for designated transactions. These reports play a crucial role in helping FIU‑IND detect, track, record, and prevent financial crime.
Mandatory Reports Under PMLA
Regulated Entities must file the following reports depending on the nature of transactions: Cash Transaction Report (CTR), Property Transaction Report (PTR), Cross Border Wire Transfer Report (CBWTR), Counterfeit Currency Report (CCR), Non‑Profit Organization Transaction Report (NTR) and Suspicious Transaction Report (STR). Timely and accurate filing of these reports strengthens India’s financial monitoring framework and ensures compliance with AML/CFT obligations.
Who are “Regulated Entities (REs)”?
Regulated Entities include (illustrative list): Banks (public, private, cooperative), NBFCs, Payment system operators, Stock brokers, mutual funds, portfolio managers, Insurance companies, Authorised dealers & forex entities, Designated professionals (where notified), Certain NGOs / NPOs, and Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs), where applicable. Each RE must Register on the FIU-IND reporting portal and Appoint a Principal Officer also File reports electronically in prescribed formats
What is FIU-IND and why reporting matters?
FIU-IND (Financial Intelligence Unit – India) is the central national agency responsible for Receiving, Processing, Analysing. financial transaction reports to combat money laundering, terror financing, and financial crime. Under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), certain entities are classified as Regulated Entities (REs) and are legally required to report specified transactions to FIU-IND. These reports act as early-warning signals for suspicious or illegal financial activity.
Why timely & accurate reporting is critical
Failure or delay can lead to Monetary penalties, Regulatory action by RBI / SEBI / IRDAI, Adverse audit findings and PMLA prosecution in extreme cases. Accurate reporting helps Strengthen India’s AML/CFT ecosystem, Improve FATF compliance ratings and Protect REs from reputational and legal risk.
Mandatory Reports under PMLA – Explained One by One
Cash Transaction Report (CTR)
Cash Transaction Report covers the Cash transactions exceeding INR 10 lakh in a single day Includes Cash deposits, Cash withdrawals and Series of linked cash transactions. In this CTR Reporting main point is threshold-based, not suspicion-based and Even genuine transactions must be reported and purpose of CTR reporting is to Track large cash movements that could indicate tax evasion or laundering
Property Transaction Report (PTR)
Property Transaction Report covers is Purchase or sale of immovable property and Where transaction value exceeds prescribed limits or shows risk indicators. Typically reported by Banks / financial institutions financing property and Reporting obligations arise where RE is involved in the transaction flow. FIU related Property Transaction Report Purpose of is Prevent laundering through real estate a high-risk sector.
Cross Border Wire Transfer Report (CBWTR)
Cross Border Wire Transfer Report covers : reporting of Cross-border wire transfers above ₹5 lakh (or equivalent) Includes Inward remittances, Outward remittances and SWIFT transfers. Purpose of Cross Border Wire Transfer Report is Monitor international fund flows and Detect terror financing, shell entities, hawala-type layering
Counterfeit Currency Report (CCR)
What it covers Detection of Fake notes, Suspected counterfeit currency and Impugned banknotes. Counterfeit Currency Report Reporting trigger Whenever counterfeit currency is detected no threshold. Purpose of Counterfeit Currency Report is Track circulation of fake currency and organised crime networks
Non-Profit Organisation Transaction Report (NTR)
Non-Profit Organisation Transaction Report covers transactions of non-profit organizations (NPOs) exceeding prescribed limits. Why special focus on NPOs? To tease International AML frameworks (FATF) treat NPOs as potential misuse channels for terror financing. The purpose of the nonprofit organization transaction report is to ensure funds are used for legitimate charitable objectives.
Suspicious Transaction Report (STR)
Suspicious Transaction Report is Most critical in this FIU compliance reporting. What Suspicious Transaction Report covers : Any transaction that appears Unusual, Illogical, Inconsistent with customer profile and Without apparent economic purpose. Important features of Suspicious Transaction Report is No monetary threshold, Customer must not be informed (tipping-off is prohibited) and Filed as soon as suspicion arises. We can see the Examples like Sudden high-value transfers, Frequent round-tripping, Complex layering and Mismatch between income and transactions. Purpose of Suspicious Transaction Report is Core intelligence input for FIU-IND investigations.
Expert Compliance Support :
Aligning with FIU‑IND reporting obligations can be complex but you don’t have to navigate it alone. Rajput Jain & Associates provides expert guidance on FIU‑IND reporting compliance, PMLA and AML/CFT obligations, Risk assessment and internal control frameworks and End‑to‑end regulatory support for Regulated Entities. FIU-IND compliance is not just filing reports. It involves Risk-based customer due diligence, Internal AML policies, Monitoring systems, Staff training & Periodic reviews & audits. Rajput Jain & Associates is positioned here as providing:
- FIU-IND registration & reporting support
- STR analysis and documentation
- AML/CFT risk assessment
- End-to-end PMLA compliance handholding
- This is especially relevant because non-compliance often happens due to lack of process, not intent.
If Company are a Regulated Entity, you are legally required to report certain transactions to FIU-IND. These reports help the government detect financial crime. Understanding what to report, when to report, and how to report is critical — and expert support can make compliance smoother and safer.
